Latest Update: November, 2022

The rest of my activities related to research are placed here
My list of publications can also be found in other sites: 0000-0002-8433-159X , DBLP, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Academia.edu, IEEE Collabratec

JOURNALS

• R. Pan and A. Ruiz-Martínez, Evolution of web tracking protection in Chrome, Journal of Information Security and Applications, volume 79, p. 103643, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.jisa.2023.103643.
• A. López Martínez, M. Gil Pérez, and A. Ruiz-Martínez, A Comprehensive Model for Securing Sensitive Patient Data in a Clinical Scenario, IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 137083-137098, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3338170.
• A. López Martínez, M. Gil Períz, and A. Ruiz-Martínez, A comprehensive review of the state of the art on security and privacy issues in Healthcare, ACM Computing Surveys, volume 55, issue 12, March 2023, doi: 10.1145/3571156.
• O. Tounekti, A. Ruiz-Martínez, and A. F. Skarmeta Gomez, Research in Electronic and Mobile Payment Systems: A Bibliometric Analysis, Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 13, p. 7661, Jun. 2022, doi: 10.3390/su14137661.
• Diana L. Huete Trujillo, and Antonio Ruiz Martínez, Tor Hidden Services: A Systematic Literature Review Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy 2021, 1(3), 496-518.
• José Tomás Martínez Garre, Manuel Gil Pérez, and Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, A novel Machine Learning-based approach for the detection of SSH botnet infection, Future Generation Computer Systems, vol. 115, pp. 387-396, 2021.
• O. Tounekti, A. Ruiz-Martínez, and A. F. Skarmeta-Gómez, Users’ Evaluation of a New Web Browser Payment Interface for Facilitating the Use of Multiple Payment Systems, Sustainability, vol. 13, n.º 9, Art. n.º 9, ene. 2021, doi: 10.3390/su13094711.
• Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, M. Antonia Martínez-Carreras, Alfonso P. Ramallo-González, Enhancing Check-Reinforce Introduction with a Class Response System: The C2RI method - A five-year study -, IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 15178-15193, 2020. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2967037
• O. Tounekti, A. Ruiz-Martínez, and A. F. Skarmeta-Gómez, Users supporting multiple (mobile) electronic payment systems in online purchases: An empirical study of their payment transaction preferences, IEEE Access, Volume 8, 735-766, 2020. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2961785
• Mehran Alidoost Nia, and Antonio Ruiz-Martínez. Systematic literature review on the state of the art and future research work in anonymous communications systems. Computers & Electrical Engineering. Volume 69, July 2018, pages 497-520.
• Antonio Ortega-García, Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, and Rafael Valencia-García. Using App Inventor for creating apps to support m-learning experiences: A case study. Computer Applications in Engineering Education. Volume 26, Issue 3. May 2018. Pages 431-448. Additional information in Kudos.
• M. del P. Salas-Zárate, R. Valencia-García, A. Ruiz-Martínez, R. Colomo-Palacios, Feature-based opinion mining in financial news: An ontology-driven approach, Journal of Information Science. Vol 43, Issue 4, 2017. doi:10.1177/0165551516645528.
• Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, Juan A. Sánchez-Laguna, Antonio F. Skarmeta. Extending SIP to support payments in a generic way. Computer Standards & Interfaces vol. 46, 23-36 (2016).
• Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, Pedro Ruiz-Martínez. Enseñanza práctica de Arquitectura de Redes mediante la Virtualización de Escenarios de Red. Experiencias Docentes en Redes de Computadores (EDONET). Número 1, 67-81. Diciembre 2015.
• Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, Towards a web payment framework: State-of-the-art and challenges. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 14(5): 345-350 (2015).
• M. A. Nia, R. E. Atani, and A. Ruiz-Martínez, “Privacy enhancement in anonymous network channels using multimodality injection”, Security and Communication Networks 8(16): 2917-2932 (2015).
• M. A. Paredes-Valverde, M. Á. Rodríguez-García, A. Ruiz-Martínez, R. Valencia-García, and G. Alor-Hernández, “ONLI: An ontology-based system for querying DBpedia using natural language paradigm”, Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 42, no. 12, pp. 5163–5176, Jul. 2015.
• Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, C. Inmaculada Marín-López, Daniel Sánchez-Martínez, I. Castell Egea. SIPmsign: a lightweight mobile signature service based on the Session Initiation Protocol. Softw., Pract. Exper. 44(5): 511-535 (2014)
• F. Pereniguez, R. Marin-Lopez, G. Kambourakis, A. Ruiz-Martínez, S. Gritzalis, A. F. Gomez. KAMU: Providing Advanced User Privacy in Kerberos Multi-Domain Scenarios, International Journal of Information Security (IJIS), vol. 12, no. 6 (2013).
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, F. Pereñíguez, R. Marín López, P. M. Ruiz-Martinez, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. Teaching Advanced Concepts in Computer Networks: VNUML-UM Virtualization Tool. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies 6(1): 85-96 (2013).
• Ruiz-Martínez, A., Marín-López, C.I. A lightweight payment scheme for real-time services based on SIP. EURASIP J. Wireless Comm. and Networking 2012: 161 (2012).
• Ruiz-Martínez, A. A survey on solutions and main free tools for privacy enhancing Web communications. Journal of Network and Computer Applications. Volume 35, Issue 5, September 2012, Pages 1473–1492.
• Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, Óscar Cánovas Reverte, Antonio F. Gómez-Skarmeta. Payment frameworks for the purchase of electronic products and services. Computer Standards & Interfaces 34(1): 80-92 (2012)
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, J. Sánchez-Montesinos, D. Sánchez-Martínez. “A Mobile Network Operator-Independent Mobile Signature Service”. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, Volume 34, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 294-311.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, D. Sánchez-Martínez, C. I. Marín-López, M. Gil-Pérez, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. ”An advanced certificate validation service and architecture based on XKMS”. Software: Practice and Experience. Volume 41, Issue 3, March 2011, Pages 209-336.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, Ó. Cánovas, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “Design and implementation of a generic per-fee-link framework”. Internet Research, vol. 19, no. 3 (2009) 293-312.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, C. I. Marín-López, L. Baño-López and A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “A New Fair Non-Repudiation Protocol For Secure Negotiation And Contract Signing”. Journal of Universal Computer Science, vol. 15, no. 3 (2009) 555-583.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, D. Sánchez-Martínez, M. Martínez-Montensiones, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “A Survey of Electronic Signature Solutions in Mobile Devices”. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research Vol 2 / Issue 3 / December 2007 / 94 - 109.
• F. J. García, A. F. Gómez, G. López, R. Marín y A. Ruiz. “PISCIS: E-commerce based on an advanced certification infrastructure and smart cards”. Revista Upgrade, Vol. III, nº 6, págs. 16-21. Diciembre 2002.
• F. J. García, A. F. Gómez, G. López, R. Marín y A. Ruiz. “PISCIS: Comercio electrónico basado en una infraestructura de certificación avanzada y tarjetas inteligentes”, en Monográfico “Seguridad en e-Comercio”. Revista Novática nº 160, págs. 6-11. Noviembre-Diciembre 2002.

PREPRINTS

• A. Ruiz-Martínez, L. Castańeda and J. T. Fernádez BreisA systematic literature review on the development and use of mobile learning (web) apps by early adopters, arXiv:2212.13480, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2212.13480.

TALKS/PONENCIAS Y CHARLAS

• Ponencia: “Los exámenes en remoto: limitaciones tecnológicas y de protección de datos” en Jornada de Acreditación en Idiomas Crue-UPF. 23-11-2022 10:00. UPF Campus de la Ciutadella, Calle Ramón Trias Fargas, Barcelona, España
• Participación en la Mesa redonda: "La identidad descentralizada al servicio de la transformación digital" de la Jornada "El futuro de la identidad digital en la Unión Europea". 10 de Noviembre de 2.022. Salón de Grados de la Facultad de Derecho. Universidad de Murcia. Identidad y Derechos Digitales. Cátedra Fundación Integra.
• Conferencia invitada: El papel de los paneles de analítica de aprendizaje en la educación superior, en VI Simposio Internacional de innovación, tecnología e informática en educación ''Ambientes de Aprendizaje Inteligentes'', 23 de Noviembre de 2021.
• Webinar: Rúbricas de Evaluación y Herramientas para la Evaluación no Presencial organizado por el Centro de Formación y Desarrollo Personal. Universidad de Murcia.
• ¿Conectado a Internet? Protege tu privacidad. Día de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (2019) (DIATIC'19).
• ACREDITA PLUS EN EL ÁMBITO DE LA INFORMÁTICA: SELLO EURO-INF. XVI Foro de Almagro, 20 y 21 de Noviembre de 2014. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha.

CONFERENCES

• Pedro M. Ruiz-Martínez, Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, Improving a Virtual Campus for teaching and learning during COVID-19 and beyond guided by a digital transformation strategy, XI International Conference on Virtual Campus, Salamanca (Spain), 30 September and 1 October 2021.
• José Tomás Martínez Garre, Manuel Gil Pérez, and Antonio Ruiz Martínez, A Review of SSH Botnet Detection in Initial Stages of Infection: A Machine Learning-Based Approach in JNIC'21: Proceedings of the VI Jornadas Nacionales de Investigación en Ciberseguridad, Live, pp. 31-32, 9-10 June 2021
• Simone Fischer-Hübner, Matthias Beckerle, Alberto Lluch Lafuente, Antonio Ruiz Martínez, Karo Saharinen, Antonio Skarmeta and Pierantonia Sterlin, Quality Criteria for Cyber Security MOOCs, Information Security Education. Information Security in Action - 13th IFIP WG 11.8 World Conference, WISE 13, Maribor, Slovenia, September 21-23, 2020, Proceedings, 2020, vol. 579, pp. 46–60, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-59291-2_4.
• M. Massardier-Meca, A. Ruiz-Martínez, Towards a Privacy Web Scanner for End-Users, en Security in Computing and Communications, Singapore, 2020, pp. 174-185, doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-4825-3_14.
• Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, Juan A. Sánchez-Laguna; Gabriel López-Millán; An Analysis on How to Measure Student's Dedication to Course Assignments, Proceedings of INTED2020 Conference, 2nd-4th March 2020, Valencia, Spain.
• Alfonso P. Ramallo-González, Antonio Raúl Fernández Rincón; Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, Achievement of Learning Outcomes through the Development of an Assignment for a Company: A Use Case, Proceedings of INTED2020 Conference, 2nd-4th March 2020, Valencia, Spain.
• A. López-Martínez, J. A. García-Díaz, R. Valencia-García, y A. Ruiz-Martínez, CyberDect. A Novel Approach for Cyberbullying Detection on Twitter, in Technologies and Innovation, Cham, 2019, pp. 109-121.
• Mehran Alidoost Nia and Antonio Ruiz-Martinez. Workload Distribution for Supporting Anonymous Communications in Automotive Network. In: S. M. Thampi, S. Madria, G. Wang, D. B. Rawat, y J. M. A. Calero, Eds., Security in Computing and Communications: 6th International Symposium, SSCC 2018, September 19-22, Bangalore, India, Revised Selected Papers. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 969. Springer, Singapore.
• A. P. Ramallo González, J. A. Martínez Navarro, A. Ruiz Martínez, Comparación de dos metodologías para la enseñanza práctica de software para la creación de contenidos publicitarios. III Congreso Internacional de Innovación Docente (CiiD18). 20-21 Marzo. Murcia. España.
• A. Ortega-García, A. Ruiz-Martínez, R. Valencia-García, An M-Learning Open-Source Tool Comparation for Easy Creation of Educational Apps, Technologies and Innovation, CITI 2016. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 658. Springer International Publishing, 2016: pp. 102–113.
• Lucía Jiménez López, Antonio Ruiz Martínez, Rafael Valencia García. The use of social networks in higher education in the spanish-speaking community. 7th International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation (ICERI 2014).
• Antonio Ruiz Martínez, Rafael Valencia García. Enfoque para la adquisición de competencias transversales a través de presentaciones grupales y evaluación entre iguales. II Congreso Internacional de Innovación Docente (2014). Murcia - Cartagena (Spain)
• A. Treviño Otón, A. Ruiz-Martínez, An Experience for the Assessment of Facebook as a Teaching Tool in the Context of a Vocational Training Course in Computer Science, EDULEARN13 Proceedings, IATED, Barcelona, Spain, 2013: pp. 3438–3447.
• F. Pereniguez-Garcia, A. Ruiz-Martínez, F.J. Ros Muñoz, R. Marín-López, P.M. Ruiz-Martínez, “Creating video-tutorials to improve self-learning and to promote the acquisition of cross-curricular competences” Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies (EDULEARN12), 2-4 July, 2012. Barcelona, Spain.
• F. Pereniguez-Garcia, A. Ruiz-Martínez, F.J. Ros Muñoz, R. Marín-López, P.M. Ruiz-Martínez, “Experimenting with different virtualization tools for the practical learning of computer networks” Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies (EDULEARN12), 2-4 July, 2012. Barcelona, Spain.
• Mercedes Valdés-Vela, Teresa García-Valverde, Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, Jesús Jiménez Re, “Fomento del auto-aprendizaje y la adquisición de competencias transversales a través de video-tutoriales”. Actas XVIII JENUI 2012, Ciudad Real, 10-13 de julio 2012.
• Fernando Pereñíguez-García, Antonio Ruiz Martínez, Francisco J. Ros, Rafael Marín López, Pedro M. Ruiz Martínez, “VNUML vs GNS3 en el desarrollo de laboratorios de redes virtuales”. Actas XVIII JENUI 2012, Ciudad Real, 10-13 de julio 2012.
• Jiménez Asencio, J. A., & Ruiz-Martínez, A. (2012). “A Comparative Study of Social Networks in Education”. In INTED2012 Proceedings (pp. 2225–2234). Valencia, Spain: IATED.
• Antonio Ruiz Martínez, Mercedes Valdés Vela. “Experiencia Docente en Informática Aplicada a la Traducción I del Grado de Traducción e Interpretación de la Universidad de Murcia”. Actas de las XVII Jornadas de Enseñanza Universitaria de la Informática (JENUI 2011). Sevilla, 2011.
• R. Hernández Mora, A. Ruiz-Martínez. “An assessment of different tools for classroom management”. 4th International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation (ICERI2011). November 14th- 16th, 2011 — Madrid, Spain.
• M.A. Martínez-Carreras, A. Ruiz-Martínez, M. Bernal Llinares. “Interoperability in the Building of Next Generation of Collaborative Working Environment”. Electronic Business Interoperability: Concepts, Opportunities And Challenges . March 2011.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, R. Marín López, F. Pereñíguez García, P. M. Ruiz-Martínez, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “Experiencia con la herramienta de virtualización VNUML para la enseñanza de redes de computadores”. XVI Jornadas de Enseñanza Universitaria de la Informática (JENUI) 2010.
• M. Bernal Llinares, A. Ruiz-Martínez, M.A. Martínez-Carreras, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “Semantic Composition of Web Services”. Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference on Distributed Multimedia Systems (DMS 2009). San Francisco (USA). September 2009.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, Ó. Cánovas, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “Un framework genérico para el soporte de pagos por clic”. Actas de la X Reunión Española sobre Criptología y Seguridad de la Información (RECSI). 2008.
• M. Antonia Martínez-Carreras, A. Ruiz-Martínez and A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “Towards Business Processes with Dynamic Search of Services in Collaborative Working Environment”. Proceedings 14TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCURRENT ENTERPRISING: ICE2008, LISBOA (PORTUGAL), 2008.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, D. Sánchez-Martínez, C. I. Marín-López, M. Gil-Pérez, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. ”ACVS: an Advanced Certificate Validation Service in Service-Oriented Architectures”. Proceedings of The Third International Conference on Internet and Web Applications and Services (ICIW 2008). IEEE. Athens (Greece). 2008.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, Ó. Cánovas, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “Payment Annotations for Web Service Description Language (PA-WSDL)”. Studies in Computational Intelligence (SCI). Volume 131. Springer-Verlag. 2008.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, J. A. Sánchez-Laguna and A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “Towards A Generic Payment Framework for Internet Media-on-Demand Services based on RTSP”. Proceedings 22st IEEE International Conference On Advanced Information Networking And Applications (AINA2008). IEEE. GinoWan, Okinawa (Japan). 2008.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, Ó. Cánovas, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “Smartcard-based e-coin for electronic payments on the (Mobile) Internet”. Proceedings of the The Third International Conference On Signal-Image Technology and Internet-based Systems (SITIS'2007). IEEE. Shangai (China). 2007.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, Ó. Cánovas, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “Towards a generic per-fee-link framework”. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Digital Information Management (ICDIM 2007). Lyon (France). 2007.
• M. A. Martínez-Carreras, A. Ruiz-Martínez and A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “Towards a Semantically Augmented Collaborative Working Environment”. Proceedings 2007 International Conference on E-Business (ICE-B 2007). Barcelona (SPAIN). 2007.
• M. A. Martínez-Carreras, A. Ruiz-Martínez and A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “Designing a Generic Collaborative Working Environment”. Proceedings 2007 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS 2007). IEEE. Salt Lake City, Utah (USA). 2007.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, J. A. Sánchez-Laguna and A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “SIP Extensions To Support (Micro)Payments”. Proceedings 21st IEEE International Conference On Advanced Information Networking And Applications (AINA2007). IEEE. Niagara Falls, Ontario (Canada). 2007.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, J. A. Sánchez-Laguna, and A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “A Payment Framework For Internet Media-On-Demand Services Based On RTSP”. Proceedings 4th IEEE Consumer Communications And Networking Conference. IEEE. Las Vegas, Nevada (USA). 2007.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, C. I. Marín-López, L. Baño-López and A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “A New Fair Non-Repudiation Protocol for Secure Negotiation and Contract Signing”. Proceedings Privacy, Security And Trust (PST2006). ACM. Markham, Ontario (Canadá). 2006.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, Ó. Cánovas, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “Combination of a Smartcard E-Purse and E-Coin To Make Electronic Payments on the Internet”. Proceedings International Conference On Security And Cryptography (SECRYPT 2006). Setúbal (Portugal). 2006.
• A. Ruiz Martínez, D. Sánchez Martínez, C. I. Marín López, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. ”Advanced Certificate Validation Service For Secure Service-Oriented Architectures”. Proceedings Securing Electronic Business Processes (ISSE 2006). Vieweg Verlag. Roma (Italia). 2006.
• M. D. Barnes, D. S. Gómez, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta, M. Martínez, A. Ruiz, D. Sánchez. “An electronic signature infrastructure for mobile devices” en Proceedings of The Independent European ICT Security Conference and Exhibition (ISSE), 2005. Budapest (Hungría). Vieweg-Verlag, pags. 62-73. 2005.
• D. S. Gómez, A. Ruiz, L. Baño, C. I. Marín, A. F. Gómez. “Una infraestructura de seguridad para una plataforma SOA” en Actas del III Simposio Español de Comercio Electrónico, págs. 11-21. Junio 2005.
• A. Ruiz, L. Baño, C. I. Marín, Ó. Cánovas, A. F. Gómez. “A SECURe infrastructure for negotiation an purchase of Intellectual Property Rights (SECURingIPR)” en Proceedings de IASTED International Conference on Communication, Network, and Information Security (CNIS’03), págs. 277-282. Diciembre 2003.
• O. Cánovas, A. F. Gómez y A. Ruiz. “Un sistema de fidelización electrónica basado en el uso de certificados de credencial” en Actas del II Simposio Español de Comercio Electrónico, págs. 37-48. Junio 2003.
• A. Ruiz, G. Martínez, O. Cánovas y A. F. Gómez. “SPEED Protocol: SmartCard-based Payment with Encrypted Electronic Delivery”, en Proceedings Information Security Conference'01, Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) 2200/2001, Springer Verlag, págs. 446-461. Octubre 2001.

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BOOK and BOOK CHAPTERS

• A. Ruiz Martínez, and P. M. Ruiz Martínez, Adaptación del modelo tecnológico para docencia de la Universidad de Murcia ante la pandemia del COVID-19, in “Estrategias de adaptación metodológica y tecnológica ante la pandemia del COVID-19 en la universidad”, pp. 35-47, Dykinson & Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 2021. [Draft PDF]
• Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, Oussama Tounekti, Antonio F Gómez-Skarmeta. Electronic Payment Frameworks. Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition. pp 2749-2760. 2018.
• Oussama Tounekti, Antonio Ruiz-Martínez, Antonio F Skarmeta-Gómez. An evolution analysis of electronic payment systems and mobile payment systems characteristics. Electronic Commerce: Technologies, Challenges and Future Prospects, pp. 145-196. 2017.
• A. Ruiz Martínez, M. A. Martínez Carreras, M. Valdés Vela, F. Pereñíguez García, and R. Marín López, Informática Básica para Universitarios. Editum. Ediciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2016.
• A. Ruiz-Martínez, D. Sánchez-Martínez, M. Martínez-Montensiones, A. F. Gómez-Skarmeta. “Mobile Signature Solutions for Guaranteeing Non-Repudiation in Mobile Business and Mobile Commerce”. Mobile and Ubiquitous Commerce: Advanced E-Business Methods: Volume 4 of Advances in Electronic Business Series. IGI Global Publishers. May 2009.

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PhD Thesis

• Sistemas y entornos de pago para la adquisición de contenidos y servicios electrónicos en red
  [Abstract]
  Nowadays a large number of proposals have emerged to offer secure payment systems and frameworks to perform payment transactions. However, in spite of these proposals, there are still some issues to be covered.
  From the payment systems point of view, the features to improve in B2C (Business to Customer) scenarios of electronic products are non repudiation and fair exchange. The use of e-purses can contribute to increase the security of these systems, facilitating the mobility of electronic money and its use in different scenarios. However, currently its use to make payments on the Internet is reduced. The main problem that payment-based solution present is the requirement, for vendors, of incorporating hardware devices with SAM (Secure Application Module) modules that could lead the payment process is slow.
  On the other hand, there are more and more payment protocols, with different features and that depending on them can be adapted better to the purchase of certain products or services in specific scenarios. With the aim of facilitating the use of different payment protocols in the same scenario, payment frameworks appeared. However, until now, there is no payment frameworks secure enough that take into account all the elements needed to use these protocols in a generic way.
  As a response to these needs, this PhD thesis presents several solutions. On the one hand, we propose two payment solutions based on e-purse that intend to facilitate the use of these devices progressively. Firstly, by facilitating the payment with the existing e-purses and, secondly, by proposing a new e-purse that facilitates the use of e-purses to make payments on the Web.
  On the other hand, different payment frameworks that will allow the purchase of the main types of electronic products and services (Web contents, contents distributed by streaming, Web services and multimedia services based on sessions) have been defined.
  These frameworks are based on the definition of several generic components, as wallets for supporting the negotiation and choice of payment options to use and their prices, and, finally, the description of payment information in a generic way.
  Thus, the proposals presented offer secure payment protocols based on e-purses and different frameworks for the main electronic products and services that facilitate the use of the protocols as well as any other payment protocol. Furthermore, these proposals can improve the use of payment systems in a trusted way.
  

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